{"product_id":"the-deacons-for-defense","title":"The Deacons for Defense","description":"In 1964 a small group of African American men in Jonesboro, Louisiana, defied the nonviolence policy of the mainstream civil rights movement and formed an armed self-defense organization--the Deacons for Defense and Justice--to protect movement workers from vigilante and police violence. With their largest and most famous chapter at the center of a bloody campaign in the Ku Klux Klan stronghold of Bogalusa, Louisiana, the Deacons became a popular symbol of the growing frustration with Martin Luther King Jr.'s nonviolent strategy and a rallying point for a militant working-class movement in the South.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLance Hill offers the first detailed history of the Deacons for Defense and Justice, who grew to several hundred members and twenty-one chapters in the Deep South and led some of the most successful local campaigns in the civil rights movement. In his analysis of this important yet long-overlooked organization, Hill challenges what he calls \"the myth of nonviolence--the idea that a united civil rights movement achieved its goals through nonviolent direct action led by middle-class and religious leaders. In contrast, Hill constructs a compelling historical narrative of a working-class armed self-defense movement that defied the entrenched nonviolent leadership and played a crucial role in compelling the federal government to neutralize the Klan and uphold civil rights and liberties. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Longleaf Services on behalf of Univ of N. Carolina","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52640855032175,"sku":"9780807857021","price":223.25,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/0807857025.jpg?v=1770401890","url":"https:\/\/internacional.umlivro.com.br\/products\/the-deacons-for-defense","provider":"UmLivro Internacional","version":"1.0","type":"link"}