{"title":"Lógica","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"two-applications-of-logic-to-mathematics","title":"Two Applications of Logic to Mathematics","description":"\u003cp\u003eUsing set theory in the first part of his book, and proof theory in the second, Gaisi Takeuti gives us two examples of how mathematical logic can be used to obtain results previously derived in less elegant fashion by other mathematical techniques, especially analysis. In Part One, he applies Scott- Solovay's Boolean-valued models of set theory to analysis by means of complete Boolean algebras of projections. In Part Two, he develops classical analysis including complex analysis in Peano's arithmetic, showing that any arithmetical theorem proved in analytic number theory is a theorem in Peano's arithmetic. In doing so, the author applies Gentzen's cut elimination theorem.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Although the results of Part One may be regarded as straightforward consequences of the spectral theorem in function analysis, the use of Boolean- valued models makes explicit and precise analogies used by analysts to lift results from ordinary analysis to operators on a Hilbert space. Essentially expository in nature, Part Two yields a general method for showing that analytic proofs of theorems in number theory can be replaced by elementary proofs.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOriginally published in 1978.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003cb\u003ePrinceton Legacy Library\u003c\/b\u003e uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. 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But he was also a profoundly influential thinker in the realms of logic and general philosophy-he is said to have inspired his fellow Englishman, electricity pioneer Michael Faraday. This volume was an enormous success when it was first published in 1724, and went through numerous editions-this is a replica of an 1825 reprinting. (Watts' equally popular 1741 follow-up, The Improvement of the Mind, is also available from Cosimo).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHere you'll learn:\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. What is logic\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. The differences between perception and ideas\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. How words and language are translated into knowledge\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. The power behind the human drive to name objects and concepts\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. Understanding judgment and prejudice\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. Reasoning and syllogism\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e. And much more.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cosimo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52651185570159,"sku":"9781602061101","price":188.93,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/1602061106.jpg?v=1770670391"},{"product_id":"the-principles-of-science","title":"The Principles of Science","description":"\u003cp\u003e*The Principles of Science* by economist William Stanley Jevons was originally published in 1873 and provides and extensive overview of and introduction to the principles of logic, reasoning, inference, probability, measurement, experimentation, and classification. The book is separated into detailed sections, chapters, and parts, and includes examples, formulas, and extensive references. *The Principles of Science* is a classic guide to scientific method and inquiry, and was one of the first works that encouraged the use of probability as a scientific tool. This edition contains prefaces to both the first and second editions, and should be considered an essential tool for scientists and researchers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eEnglish economist and logician WILLIAM STANLEY JEVONS (1835-1882) was born in Liverpool. He studied chemistry and botany at University College, London, and was later professor of logic and political economy at Owens College, Manchester. He is also the author of *The Theory of Political Economy* (1871) and *The State in Relation to Labour* (1882).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Cosimo","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52651387486575,"sku":"9781616407643","price":346.1,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/1616407646.jpg?v=1770672711"},{"product_id":"linguistics-and-philosophy","title":"Linguistics and Philosophy","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe dual purpose of this volume-to provide a distinctively philosophical introduction to logic, as well as a logic-oriented approach to philosophy-makes it a unique and worthwhile primary text for logic or philosophy courses.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Longleaf Services Univ of Notre Dame du Lac","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52653484999023,"sku":"9780268160531","price":353.55,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/0268160538.jpg?v=1770729884"},{"product_id":"principia-mathematica","title":"Principia Mathematica","description":"\u003cp\u003e2019 Reprint of 1910 Edition.  Volume One Only.  Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition software.  Originally published in three volumes.  There is no doubt that \u003cem\u003ePrincipia Mathematica\u003c\/em\u003e [PM] is of great importance in the history of mathematics and philosophy: it sparked interest in symbolic logic and advanced the subject by popularizing it; it showcased the powers and capacities of symbolic logic; and it showed how advances in philosophy of mathematics and symbolic logic could go hand-in-hand with tremendous fruitfulness. Indeed, PM was in part brought about by an interest in Logicism, the view on which all mathematical truths are logical truths. It was in part thanks to the advances made in PM that, despite its defects, numerous advances in meta-logic were made, including Gödel's incompleteness theorems.  The scholarly, historical, and philosophical interest in PM is great and ongoing: for example, the \u003cem\u003eModern Library\u003c\/em\u003e ranked it 23rd in a list of the top 100 English-language nonfiction books of the twentieth century.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Martino Fine Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52657538892143,"sku":"9781684223305","price":277.17,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/168422330X.jpg?v=1770815819"},{"product_id":"modes-of-thought","title":"Modes of Thought","description":"\u003cp\u003eModes of Thought\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Simon \u0026 Schuster","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52668209135983,"sku":"9780029352106","price":135.47,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/002935210X.jpg?v=1770928208"},{"product_id":"logic-and-critical-thinking","title":"Logic and Critical Thinking","description":"\u003cp\u003eThis work is an introduction to logic, covering what is most commonly taught in the first term of a two-term sequence in logic at four-year colleges and universities. 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