{"title":"História \/ Europa \/ Grã-bretanha","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"to-marry-an-english-lord","title":"To Marry an English Lord","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGilded Age American Heiresses Take on the Peerage\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nIn 1895 nine American girls, including a Vanderbilt (railroads), LaRoche (pharmaceuticals), Rogers (oil), and Whitney (New York trolleys), married peers of the British realm—among them, a duke, an earl, three barons, and a knight. It was the peak year of a social phenomenon that began in the Gilded Age after the Civil War, and handed down the legacy of Anglomania, preppies, and the world of two television series, \u003cem\u003eDownton  Abbey\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eThe Gilded Age\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nIn all, more than 100 American heiresses invaded Britannia and swapped dollars for titles. 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Now, in this groundbreaking analysis, Ira D. Gruber identifies which among over nine hundred books on war were considered most important by British officers and how those books might have affected the army from one era to another. By examining the preferences of some forty-two officers who served between the War of the Spanish Succession and the French Revolution, Gruber shows that by the middle of the eighteenth century British officers were discriminating in their choices of books on war and, further, that their emerging preference for Continental books affected their understanding of warfare and their conduct of operations in the American Revolution. In their increasing enthusiasm for books on war, Gruber concludes, British officers were laying the foundation for the nineteenth-century professionalization of their nation's officer corps. 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Focusing on London, the most visible area of both destitution and social experimentation, this book examines the political as well as benevolent motives behind the great expansion of public institutions--nondenominational organizations seeking not only to relieve hardship, but to benefit the nation directly--funded and run by voluntary associations of citizens. The needs of police, the maintaining of civil order and the refining of society, were thought by many ordinary citizens to be central to the expansion of England's role in the world and to the upholding of the country's peace at home.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDrawing on previously unexplored and unsynthesized materials, this work reveals the interaction between charitable theorizing and practical efforts to improve the condition of the poor. The author argues that it is impossible to comprehend eighteenth-century charity without taking into account its perceived social utility, which altered as circumstances mandated. For example, the charities of the 1740s and 1750s, founded to aid in the strengthening of England's international supremacy, lost their public support as current opinions of England's most urgent needs changed. Creating and responding to new visions of what well-directed charities might accomplish, late-century philanthropists tried using charitable institutions to reknit what they believed was a badly damaged social fabric.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOriginally published in 1989.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003cb\u003ePrinceton Legacy Library\u003c\/b\u003e uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Princeton University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52635922891119,"sku":"9780691600116","price":280.67,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/0691600112.jpg?v=1770227410"},{"product_id":"the-british-fertility-decline","title":"The British Fertility Decline","description":"\u003cp\u003eBuilding on the theory of the demographic transition, Michael S. Teitelbaum assesses the dramatic decline in British fertility from 1841 to 1931 in terms of social transformations associated with the Industrial Revolution. 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