{"title":"História Da América Colonial","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"nation-of-women","title":"Nation of Women","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eA Nation of Women\u003c\/i\u003e chronicles changing ideas of gender and identity among the Delaware Indians from the mid-seventeenth through the eighteenth century, as they encountered various waves of migrating peoples in their homelands along the eastern coast of North America.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn Delaware society at the beginning of this period, to be a woman meant to engage in the activities performed by women, including diplomacy, rather than to be defined by biological sex. Among the Delaware, being a woman was therefore a self-identification, employed by both women and men, that reflected the complementary roles of both sexes within Delaware society. For these reasons, the Delaware were known among Europeans and other Native American groups as a nation of women.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDecades of interaction with these other cultures gradually eroded the positive connotations of being a nation of women as well as the importance of actual women in Delaware society. In Anglo-Indian politics, being depicted as a woman suggested weakness and evil. Exposed to such thinking, Delaware men struggled successfully to assume the formal speaking roles and political authority that women once held. To salvage some sense of gender complementarity in Delaware society, men and women redrew the lines of their duties more rigidly. As the era came to a close, even as some Delaware engaged in a renewal of Delaware identity as a masculine nation, others rejected involvement in Christian networks that threatened to disturb the already precarious gender balance in their social relations.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDrawing on all available European accounts, including those in Swedish, German, and English, Fur establishes the centrality of gender in Delaware life and, in doing so, argues for a new understanding of how different notions of gender influenced all interactions in colonial North America.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"University of Pennsylvania Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52635709440367,"sku":"9780812222050","price":196.1,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/0812222059.jpg?v=1770216019"},{"product_id":"wild-frenchmen-and-frenchified-indians","title":"Wild Frenchmen and Frenchified Indians","description":"\u003cp\u003eBased on a sweeping range of archival, visual, and material evidence, \u0026lt;i\u0026gt;Wild Frenchmen and Frenchified Indians\u0026lt;\/i\u0026gt; examines perceptions of Indians in French colonial Louisiana and demonstrates that material culture--especially dress--was central to the elaboration of discourses about race.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAt the heart of France's seventeenth-century plans for colonizing New France was a formal policy--Frenchification. Intended to turn Indians into Catholic subjects of the king, it also carried with it the belief that Indians could become French through religion, language, and culture. This fluid and mutable conception of identity carried a risk: while Indians had the potential to become French, the French could themselves be transformed into Indians. French officials had effectively admitted defeat of their policy by the time Louisiana became a province of New France in 1682. But it was here, in Upper Louisiana, that proponents of French-Indian intermarriage finally claimed some success with Frenchification. For supporters, proof of the policy's success lay in the appearance and material possessions of Indian wives and daughters of Frenchmen.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThrough a sophisticated interdisciplinary approach to the material sources, \u0026lt;i\u0026gt;Wild Frenchmen and Frenchified Indians\u0026lt;\/i\u0026gt; offers a distinctive and original reading of the contours and chronology of racialization in early America. While focused on Louisiana, the methodological model offered in this innovative book shows that dress can take center stage in the investigation of colonial societies--for the process of colonization was built on encounters mediated by appearance.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"University of Pennsylvania Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52657439834479,"sku":"9780812223088","price":212.28,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/081222308X.jpg?v=1770813917"}],"url":"https:\/\/internacional.umlivro.com.br\/collections\/historia-da-america-colonial.oembed","provider":"UmLivro Internacional","version":"1.0","type":"link"}