{"title":"Finanças Públicas","description":null,"products":[{"product_id":"fiscal-theory-and-political-economy","title":"Fiscal Theory and Political Economy","description":"This important collection of eight interrelated essays fills a gap in English-language literature in public finance and fiscal theory. The author consistently emphasizes the central role of collective decision making in fiscal theories as well as the methodological setting in which positive proportions in fiscal theory must be developed.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOriginally published in 1960.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. 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This book is the first in-depth study of inflation targeting. Combining penetrating theoretical analysis with detailed empirical studies of countries where inflation targeting has been adopted, the authors show that the strategy has clear advantages over traditional policies. They argue that the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank should adopt this strategy, and they make specific proposals for doing so.\u003c\/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe book begins by explaining the unique features and advantages of inflation targeting. The authors argue that the simplicity and openness of inflation targeting make it far easier for the public to understand the intent and effects of monetary policy. This strategy also increases policymakers' accountability for inflation performance and can accommodate flexible, even \"discretionary,\" monetary policy actions without sacrificing central banks' credibility. The authors examine how well variants of this approach have worked in nine countries: Germany and Switzerland (which employ a money-focused form of inflation targeting), New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Israel, Spain, and Australia. They show that these countries have typically seen lower inflation, lower inflation expectations, and lower nominal interest rates, and have found that one-time shocks to the price level have less of a \"pass-through\" effect on inflation. These effects, in turn, are improving the climate for economic growth. The authors warn, however, that the success of inflation targeting depends on operational details, such as how the targets are defined and when they are announced. 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To ensure a steady flow of cash to meet his military, administrative, and diplomatic needs Edward developed a special relationship with a company of Italian merchant-bankers, the Societas Riccardorum de Luka.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Richard W. Kaeuper analyzes this relationship to provide valuable information on the financial needs of the king's government and its daily routine at a critical stage in its development. Equally interesting is the examination of the operations of the Italian banking houses that were becoming prominent in the economic life of northwestern Europe and were to become famous in the fourteenth century.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOriginally published in 1973.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe \u003cb\u003ePrinceton Legacy Library\u003c\/b\u003e uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. 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In this pioneering book, David Stasavage argues that unique advances in political representation allowed certain European states to gain early and advantageous access to credit, but the emergence of an active form of political representation itself depended on two underlying factors: compact geography and a strong mercantile presence.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Stasavage shows that active representative assemblies were more likely to be sustained in geographically small polities. These assemblies, dominated by mercantile groups that lent to governments, were in turn more likely to preserve access to credit. Given these conditions, smaller European city-states, such as Genoa and Cologne, had an advantage over larger territorial states, including France and Castile, because mercantile elites structured political institutions in order to effectively monitor public credit. While creditor oversight of public funds became an asset for city-states in need of finance, Stasavage suggests that the long-run implications were more ambiguous. City-states with the best access to credit often had the most closed and oligarchic systems of representation, hindering their ability to accept new economic innovations. 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Our expectation is that current and future P-12 budget managers and educational leaders will find this text invaluable in their day-to-day work and that the material presented here will help them engage in fruitful decisions around the allocation of scare resources.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bloomsbury Publishing PLC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52653576847727,"sku":"9781475825657","price":350.65,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/147582565X.jpg?v=1770738106"},{"product_id":"public-school-finance-decoded","title":"Public School Finance Decoded","description":"\u003cp\u003ePublic School Finance Decoded discusses why the finance department needs to have a seat at the table during discussions about how to educate the whole child. 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The relative effects of direct and indirect taxes, the \"old tax--new tax\" distinction, the effects of fiscal earmarking, the effects of unbalanced budgets -- these are a few of the topics examined.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBefore these questions can be fully answered, research must be conducted to find out just how much individuals know about the taxes they pay and the benefits they receive.  Comparatively little research of this kind has been completed, but the author devotes a chapter to a careful review of the present state of this sort of research.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIndividuals' choice among alternative fiscal institutions is examined in the second part of the book.  If given the opportunity, how would the individual choose to pay his or her taxes?  Progressive income taxes, excise taxes, and public debt are analyzed in terms of this question. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBecause of its interdisciplinary approach, this imaginative study will be of interest to both economists and politica","brand":"Longleaf Services on behalf of Univ of N. Carolina","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52665671418223,"sku":"9780807841907","price":347.84,"currency_code":"BRL","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0921\/9384\/9711\/files\/0807841900.jpg?v=1770908014"},{"product_id":"mystery-in-school-finances","title":"Mystery in School Finances","description":"\u003cp\u003eWhat this book seeks to provide are ideas for incorporating ongoing community discussion and dialogue on the budget process. 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